Formation of the world's largest REE deposit through protracted fluxing of carbonatite by subduction-derived fluids

1 CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China 3 Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia Isotope Laboratory, Department of Geosciences and Arkansas Center for Space and Planetary Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA 5 CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China